Inspired by Eric Westreich and this posting, I made a video of the process because the UI has changed a little since the post. Note that the text you can add at the front of the post is quite short! The blog for the San Diego Wine Social is here.
Focus
This post is also the subject of a “leadership minute” video at http://bit.ly/1HvapKi.
Many of the companies I’ve worked for suffer from a common ailment: lack of focus. It surprises me that businesses manage to survive without it. Yet many do, and because they hadn’t failed yet, they assumed that what they were doing was just fine. One tech giant was proud of their choice of evolution instead of strategic choice. Evolution may lead to a solution if it doesn’t lead to death, but it is not an optimized path (credit to Jason Hoffman, founder of Joyent). Even with focus, many startups fail; without focus, precious resources are wasted leading to higher probability of failure.
One of the guys I worked for once said something like “Imagine how good it could be if we worked on it like it really mattered”. It was his usual way of teasing us to do the right thing, but I think it points to focus. What matters? You can’t work on everything, but if you focus on what matters most, you can accomplish great things. If you don’t think it matters, you don’t focus on it, it gets done poorly or not at all.
The corollary is that if you jump from one shiny object to the next, your team will know that you don’t know what’s important. They probably won’t tell you either. The sad part of being an unfocused leader is that your team is less likely to tell you that you need to change. Stay the course unless you are confident that the course you are on is inferior to the one you propose. If you make that shift regularly, your team is going to rightfully assume you’re not a good navigator, and they’ll start to focus on other things that they think are better.
Zero Config Raspberry Pi on IPv6
Thanks to this post and a little tinkering, I demonstrated how to set up a zero config raspberry pi with IPv6 running a Django web application. The use case here is that I want to find my device using a web browser, without having to set it up at all, and without needing DHCP. In other words, with this configuration you could connect a machine with a browser and an ethernet directly to the raspberry pi, and access its functions with no configuration at all. I started with the ubuntu release for the raspberry pi, and added the avahi daemon as described in the post. I added ipv6 to the /etc/modules file. I added the xml description of the ssh service as described for the file /etc/avahi/services/ssh.service. I rebooted and verified the service description using “Bounjour Browser“. Because I left the default user and system name, the login is “ssh -6 ubuntu@ubuntu.local”. By running my Django server with an IPv6 flavor:
sudo python manage.py runserver [::]:80
I am able to access the instance at
http://ubuntu.local
– running over ipv6. I can do this with a direct connection to my iMac with no DHCP service. The iMac can talk directly to the Raspberry pi through a switch if the ipv6 configuration is set to “autmatically” or “link local only”. The manual IPv6 configuration requires an IPv6 router which isn’t needed for my use case (and I don’t have).
The challenge came with windows7 and Ubuntu as a host to access the Raspberry Pi over the link local address. If I manually configure a static IPv6 address for both Raspberry Pi and the host, the connection works. If I manually configure just the Raspberry Pi and try to access it from the iMac using a link local address, it says there is no route to the Raspberry Pi.
ping6 -I en0 ubuntu.local PING6(56=40+8+8 bytes) fe80::426c:8fff:fe1d:562e%en0 --> 2001:db88:1:77::1 ping6: sendmsg: No route to host ping6: wrote ubuntu.local 16 chars, ret=-1 ping6: sendmsg: No route to host
The challenge I have had with Ubuntu is getting it to understand which interface to use, as described here. I note that when the iMac pings a link local address, it resolves it and appends the interface name:
ping6 ubuntu.local PING6(56=40+8+8 bytes) fe80::426c:8fff:fe1d:562e%en0 --> fe80::ba27:ebff:fe1a:74e5%en0 16 bytes from fe80::ba27:ebff:fe1a:74e5%en0, icmp_seq=0 hlim=64 time=0.699 ms
That seems to be a missing piece for Ubuntu. Yes, you can configure a static IPv6 address on both sides of the connection, but that completely defeats the purpose. I’ll continue to look for a way to get Ubuntu to work as a host and update once I figure it out. In the meantime, I’ve turned on IPv4 over DHCP in /etc/network/interfaces and that works on my local network
auto lo iface lo inet loopback allow-hotplug eth0 iface eth0 inet dhcp iface eth0 inet6 auto
Just follow changes to the interfaces file with “sudo ifdown eth0; sudo ifup eth0”.
Technical Innovation doesn’t inherently create markets
This post is also the subject of a “leadership minute” video at https://youtu.be/iGlcAI5a6Hk.
The March 2015 Harvard Business Review article “Red Ocean Traps” discussed a number of management mistakes that inhibit strategies that create new markets. Trap three is: “Confusing Technology Innovation with Market-Creating Strategies”, where the authors point out that market creation is not inevitably about technical innovation. They claim that the reason market-creating products win is because they are simple to use, fun and productive. The customers of these products no longer notice the technology, but notice the ‘cool’ new features they get. This was the case with Uber, Salesforce.com and Quicken — all technical but not the reason they created new markets. It was not the case with the Segway – technically marvelous but not supported by other transportation systems. It is value innovation, not technical innovation that creates new markets. Organizations missing this point may develop products that are too complex or different.
I have experienced this first hand. Unfortunately the article doesn’t mention how to avoid the trap, or how to get out of the trap once you’re in it.
The European Business Review did a study (http://bit.ly/1EIesmA) which included a measurement index that revealed that the top 200 companies in the Forbes 500 are losing, on average, 10.2% of their profits due to value-destructive complexity. That’s an aggregate $237B annually. The article gives a six point “simplicity revolution”, which is practical if the business you are trying to simplify has acknowledged its own complexity. Once you get there, it’s a relatively straightforward change management engagement driven from the top.
The larger challenge in my opinion is when a startup’s leadership doesn’t see that their initial focus is too complex. How do you get the leader to understand? The problem described in “The Innovator’s Dilemma” is that if you focus too much on what customers think they want, you’ll miss the pivots necessary as the environment changes. The converse of that, however, is not true. You cannot ignore the customers’ desires. If you don’t know your customer, and you don’t have a plan to find and engage him, you will almost certainly lose. So although I didn’t find a reference for this, I think the ‘lowly’ Business Plan, with target customers, is an essential tool.
If your CEO doesn’t have one, keep pushing until you get one. You need a defensible business plan with a go-to-market strategy that makes a compelling argument for how your identified customers will discover and want to adopt your cool new idea.
If you have that, you can reduce complexity by asking how it supports the strategy.
Or, you can just noodle around in technical complexity and hope that someday, magic will happen and a market will develop.
Ubunto Snappy for Raspberry Pi
I’m inspired by the Raspberry Pi platform so I recently acquired one to see how well the technologies I know run on it. Basically I’d like to demonstrate that it can be a zero config module running either Rails or DJango as a web app server to provide web appliance functionality without configuration.
So far I’ve loaded a couple of distributions. I’ve booted ubuntu 14.04 “trusty” and mostly configured rails. Even though I’m using an 8GB micro SD card, it appears that the system loads everything into the 2GB ram, so a “df -k” reports 1.7GB total and about 700MB available after the rails installation. Merely interesting, as one of my teachers used to say.
The potentially more interesting distribution is the Snappy distribution. Very minimal. I’ve only played with it a bit, but a very compelling feature is a zero config DNS entry at webdm.local, which presents a (currently useless) web interface at http://webdm.local:4200. It also allows ssh access:
ssh ubuntu@webdm.local
which shows great promise. For me, by default this errors out:
Permission denied (publickey,password).
The issue is that ChallengeResponseAuthentication is disabled by default, so it never asks for a password. To get past this, I need to hook up a display and a keyboard, edit the config file /etc/ssh/sshd_config to change the ChallengeResponseAuthentication to ‘yes’.
Perhaps even more odd, is that the package management tool “snappy” fails out of the box. This is a side effect of the certificate mechanism for installation (a very good idea), but it fails because the snappy core doesn’t know the date. Raspberry Pi doesn’t know what date it is, and the snappy core doesn’t include NTP. SO you need to log in and set the date for it to do anything. I don’t know what packages are available, but searching for ruby and rails comes up empty. NTP also. The objective for this distributio nis to support the Internet of Things (IoT), so it HAS to be zero config, but it doesn’t have to know the date, or allow packages to be installed, out of the box. Maybe better if it doesn’t, but it makes the developer’s life more of a challenge.
I’ll update more later.